Go is played on a rectangular board like the one shown here. Players place their stones on the intersections of the lines. (The dots on the board have no effect on the game.) The board can be of any size, but a board with 19 lines by 19 lines is commonly used by advanced players and 9x9 and 13x13 by beginners.. Many Go players cherish the …generic 2pcs/Set Go Chess Pieces Storage Pot, Wooden Go Game Canister for Storage, Accessory for the Classic Strategy Game of Go, Baduk/Weiqi. No featured offers available. AED 1,326.00 (1 new offer) Shapes of mind. Go course for beginners.: Learn to play Go game (baduk, weiqi) step-by-step - 9x9, 13x13, 19x19. by Mateusz Surma.Online-Go.com is the best place to play the game of Go online. Our community supported site is friendly, easy to use, and free, so come join us and play some Go! The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Below is the article summary. For the full article, see go . go, Chinese weiqi or wei-ch’i Korean baduk, Game that involves two players alternately placing black and white stones on a board checkered by 19 vertical lines and 19 horizontal lines. The players attempt to conquer territory by surrounding ... Mar 22, 2021 · Baduk Game Rules For Beginners. In this video I cover everything you need to play your first game of Baduk. Not just the rules of Baduk but where you can go ... Now on iTunes, Amazon, Google Play, and Netflix!For more info, plus bonus interviews & deleted scenes, go to http://www.surroundinggamemovie.comDVD/Blu-ray a...Philos Magnetic Travel Go Set. £15.15. Wei Qi (also spelt Wei-Ch'i) as it's known in China, Baduk (Paduk or Pa-dok) as it's known in Korea or Go, as it is known in Japan and generally in the West, is considered by most Oriental game experts to be the worlds greatest strategic skill game, far surpassing Chess in it's complexity and scope. Wei ...中文版. BadukAI. This app allows you to play and analyse go/baduk/weiqi with two very strong AIs: 1) Katago: To my knowledge the first native implementation on android. You …Go (chinese: weiqi, korean: baduk, japanese: igo) is one of the oldest and most complex strategical board games in the world and is played by about 100 million people worldwide. The basic rules of the game are simple to learn but …Go, also known as Weiqi or Wei'qi, Wei'chi in Mandarin Chinese (围棋, traditional chinese : 圍棋), and Baduk or Padhook in Korean, is a strategic, deterministic 2-player board game originating in ancient China, before 200 BC. The game is now popular throughout East Asia and on the Internet. The goal of the game is to place stones to control ...Go, a two-player strategy-based board game, is one of the oldest board games in the modern world. Today, there are around more than 20 million active players. Many …Far more than just a game, Baduk stands as a compelling educational tool. It sharpens concentration, enhances critical thinking, improves problem-solving skills, and opens doors to cultural exploration. Moreover, it seamlessly blends into ELT sessions, enriching the learning experience.Memorization helps to burn shapes into your subconscious. You will see the same shapes in your own games, and having memorized the pro game, you will know what move the pro played. The pro move is not automatically correct when the same shape comes up with different surroundings, but it is a very good place to start.Register. To protect our website against evil bots, we ask you to click the vital point. An online tool to study the Asian game of Go, also known as Baduk, Igo and Weiqi, using artificial intelligence like LeeLa Zero and KataGo.Smart Go — one of the best Go apps for iPhone\iPad. More than 22 000 professional games, 2000 life&death problems. It allows you to record your games and variations, play with a bot, send and import games from other sources. BW-Go. BW-Go — one of the best Go game editors for Android in terms of functionality.A Simple Beginner's Guide to Go. For a while now, I've found online sources teaching the basics of go severely lacking. For instance, The Interactive Way to Go is 20 years old and depends on the now widely unsupported flash plugin. The guide on OGS on the other hand is much more modern, but is not well structured and its explanations are ... Online-Go.com is the best place to play the game of Go online. Our community supported site is friendly, easy to use, and free, so come join us and play some Go! Go, also known as Weiqi or Baduk, is an ancient strategy board game that was invented in China more than 3000 years ago 🏯. The rules of Go are extremely simple. You can easily learn them in 5–10 minutes. However, …Komi. 7.5. Handicap. 0. Cancel. An online tool to study the Asian game of Go, also known as Baduk, Igo and Weiqi, using artificial intelligence like LeeLa Zero and KataGo.Find one at baduk.club. New Game Watch 1 a X O R C EAt Simple Baduk, we have one goal; to help you to become a dan player as quickly as we can. We want to make you into a go player who can enjoy learning as much as winning the games.Baduk(Go) is an ancient board game which takes simple elements -- Line and Circle, Black and White, Stone and Wood -- combines them with simple rules and generates subtleties which have enthralled players for millennia. Beyond being merely a game, Baduk can take on other meanings to enthusiasts: analogy with life, intenseHow to Improve Our Go Skills. by Sorin Gherman. All Go players want to get stronger, to evolve in the understanding of this wonderful game. Here are my ideas on how to improve at Go: Play a lot of games. Apply newly learned concepts in our games. Theoretical knowledge should be put into practice.baduk game, weiqi online, go game for two players where the goal is to surround more territory than the opponent by placing black or white stones on a board of 19x19, 13x13, 9x9 grid. Features: live opponents, game … Welcome to the World of Go. Go is one of the world's great strategy board games and originated over 3,000 years ago in China. It is part of popular culture today in Japan, China and Korea, and known as Igo, Weiqi or Baduk respectively in these countries. Go is a game for two players with just a few simple rules that is fun for all ages. Go, also known as Weiqi or Wei'qi, Wei'chi in Mandarin Chinese (围棋, traditional chinese : 圍棋), and Baduk or Padhook in Korean, is a strategic, deterministic 2-player board game originating in ancient China, before 200 BC. The game is now popular throughout East Asia and on the Internet. The goal of the game is to place stones to …As a (near) full-time Baduk organizer, I dream of a world where gathering around a goban is the favorite weekly activity of millions. Towards this end, I wish to support other organizers in doing whatever is best for their communities. Join me as I energize go clubs, produce free baduk media, and map the weiqi world!-Devin Fraze, FounderThese are the top five books for improving at Go: Kageyama's Lessons in the Fundamentals of Go. Attack and Defense by Ishida Akira and James Davies. Invincible: The Games of Shusaku by John Power. Life and Death by James Davies. Tesuji by James Davies.Step 1: Actually finish the game. In short: for every single empty point on the board, you need to know if it's black or white territory. If an area is fully surrounded by black stones, it's black territory; if it's fully surrounded by white stones, it's white territory. If an empty space is between two different colored stones, it's a neutral ...Enjoy watching pro matches broadcasted, playing matches (including artificial intelligence), and solving tricks in real time anytime, anywhere!! 1. You can compete, bet, and chat with PC users. 2. You can enjoy various contents such as professional game/trick solving/artificial intelligence/baduk news/notice review etc. on mobile. 3.Game Appreciation. 21th LG Cup semi-final. [2016.11.16] 21th LG Cup semi-final.Play games online or with a variety of AI opponents, each with its own unique playing style and strength. This app is for players of any level, from complete beginner to professional. Challenge yourself with 4,000+ Go …The Dragon Go Server (DGS) is a place where you can play turn-based Go (aka Baduk or Weichi) with other players from around the world in different time zones. It functions more or less the same way as playing Go via email but just using your web browser. DGS also provides discussion forums about Go. It’s easy — watch lessons, keep cracking quizzes in the skill tree and play games. If you’d like a slightly more detailed plan then. Start by learning the rules. Solve at least 20 quizzes in the skill tree. Play 20 games on 9×9. Continue with the course on 13×13. Solve 30 more quizzes in the skill tree while you are at it. Play 20 games ... When ghosts tell me where to move I choose to misplay instead, I don't want to encourage them. Ghost/spirit/soul. Maybe it’s meaning is better translated to a very enlightened move. Book by John Fairbairn on the topic. ISBN# 9781932001600. (no longer sold anywhere) 19 votes, 10 comments. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Below is the article summary. For the full article, see go . go, Chinese weiqi or wei-ch’i Korean baduk, Game that involves two players alternately placing black and white stones on a board checkered by 19 vertical lines and 19 horizontal lines. The players attempt to conquer territory by surrounding ... Jul 8, 2013 · Watch the world's best Go videos, in English, whenever you want to. Get more FREE videos at: http://gogameguru.com/baduk-tv/Watch the whole series here: http... Supplies for Go players & organizers to stock their Baduk club, teach a Weiqi class, or even run a large Go tournament. igo jeudego baduk board danger monkey go stone jeu de go 19x19 go board game set go game board go game set go game go stones jogodego giocodelgo gooyunu kaya slate and shell go bowls giocogo go clubOn the KGS Go Server you can play go (known as weiqi in Chinese and baduk in Korean) against people from all over the world. Watch games, play games, and review your games - all free! Play online now with the Shin KGS Web …Looking for a club to play in person? Find one at baduk.club.. New Game Watch 1 a X O R C EGo, also known as Weiqi or Baduk, is an ancient strategy board game that was invented in China more than 3000 years ago 🏯. The rules of Go are extremely simple. You can easily learn them in 5–10 minutes. However, …Welcome to Pandanet! Welcome to the Pandanet Internet Go Server, a great place for playing, watching, studying, and enjoying the game of Go on the internet. At any time, day or night, you can find hundreds of other players from all …baduk or pa-tok. Related Topics: game. go, board game for two players. Of East Asian origin, it is popular in China, Korea, and … This app is for Go players of any level, from beginner to professional. Learn how to play the ancient board game Go - also known as Igo (囲碁), Baduk (바둑), or Weiqi (圍棋) - with a fun, interactive tutorial. Sharpen your Go skills with daily random Go problems (Tsumego) at your choice of difficulty. Play Go against a variety of AI ... As a (near) full-time Baduk organizer, I dream of a world where gathering around a goban is the favorite weekly activity of millions. Towards this end, I wish to support other organizers in doing whatever is best for their communities. Join me as I energize go clubs, produce free baduk media, and map the weiqi world!-Devin Fraze, FounderOnline-Go.com is the best place to play the game of Go online. Our community supported site is friendly, easy to use, and free, so come join us and play some Go!Yellow Mountain Imports Bamboo 2-Inch Reversible 19x19/13x13 Go Game Set Board with Double Convex Melamine Stones and Bamboo Bowls - Classic Strategy Board Game (Baduk/Weiqi) 212. 50+ bought in past month. $12899. FREE delivery Sat, Dec 23. Or fastest delivery Fri, Dec 22. Arrives before Christmas.<form action="" style="background-color:#fff;position:fixed;top:0;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;z-index:9999"><div style="font-size:18px;font-family:Helvetica,sans-serif ...Dear Go-lovers, what is your playing style? I often meet this answer: “I am very weak, so I don’t have any style”. It’s strange. Even 20-kyu Go player has a unique style! You may ask your friends-Go partners about it or pass this test instead. It consists of 15 problems from recent pro games. recommendations on improving your Go. Styles ...baduK is a pattern analysis and search engine for the game of Go/Baduk/Weiqi. An ancient boardgame common in Japan, Korea, China and Taiwan. Features multiple databases, game previews and instant pattern matches. Developed using C++ and Qt 4.1.4An even game for strong players is around 7 komi points on all board sizes. A game may be played with a handicap to compensate for differences in player strengths. On BGA, the administrator of the table plays White, and the other player plays Black. The stronger player in a handicap game should create the table and play White. Baduk Shirts, Go Igo Weiqi Ancient Board Game Gift, Funny Go Games Tees, Japan Korean Fun and Games, Mom Dad Present, Chinese Strategy Game $ 28.30 FREE shipping We propose a game on a looping board, which we believe is an original idea that will add diversity to the gameplay. In addition to this feature, we also offer a cube and a sphere, so we guarantee that this game won't get boring quickly! Currently, it's a preliminary version of the game. We're sending you a link to the game; for now, it's only ...Enjoy watching pro matches broadcasted, playing matches (including artificial intelligence), and solving tricks in real time anytime, anywhere!! 1. You can compete, bet, and chat with PC users. 2. You can enjoy various contents such as professional game/trick solving/artificial intelligence/baduk news/notice review etc. on mobile. 3.Go Playing Programs On Consoles last edited by 193.134.219.72 on April 23, 2024 - 16:11. Sensei's Library, page: Go Playing Programs On Consoles, keywords: . SL is a large WikiWikiWeb about the game of Go (Baduk, Weiqi). It's a collaboration and community site.This app allows you to play and analyse go/baduk/weiqi with two very strong AIs: 1) ... The settings menu in the top right corner allows you to switch networks, engines and adjust game settings: The name of the network currently used is displayed in the first field (LeelaZero) resp. second field (KataGo). ZBaduk is an online tool which lets you review and analyze your Baduk games using AI. Instead of manually installing and running these go engines on your local machine, ZBaduk offers you an interactive web portal which runs the required software invisibly on more powerful dedicated cloud servers. You don't need expensive hardware, and you don't ... Dear Go-lovers, what is your playing style? I often meet this answer: “I am very weak, so I don’t have any style”. It’s strange. Even 20-kyu Go player has a unique style! You may ask your friends-Go partners about it or pass this test instead. It consists of 15 problems from recent pro games. recommendations on improving your Go. Styles ... Baduk may refer to: Baduk (game), Korean name for the board game Go. Baduk (film), 1992 Iranian film by director Majid Majidi. When ghosts tell me where to move I choose to misplay instead, I don't want to encourage them. Ghost/spirit/soul. Maybe it’s meaning is better translated to a very enlightened move. Book by John Fairbairn on the topic. ISBN# 9781932001600. (no longer sold anywhere) 19 votes, 10 comments.Go is a 4000-year-old board game that originated in China. The two players take turns placing stones in an effort to surround territory. The rules can be learned in minutes, yet the complexity of the game provides lifetime enjoyment. Also known as baduk, wéiqí, and igo, it is played by millions of people worldwide. Learn MoreBlackie’s International Baduk Academy was opened in Seoul in 2011 by Kim Seung-jun 9p (Blackie) and Kőszegi Diána 1p (Dia).. Over the past 13 years, BIBA has welcomed more than 250 students from 36 different countries. In 2017 we went worldwide with BIBA Online!. We had a break since the COVID-19 pandemic started, but we have decided to open …Comprehensive Guide to the Board Game Go (weiqi, baduk) A detailed Go board game (weiqi in China, baduk in Korea) guide written by Alexandr Dinershteyn, 7-time …The lower your Kyu number, the stronger you are. An absolute beginner is around 20 kyu. After you get better than 1Kyu, you become 1Dan, which means that you got a "black belt" in this game. Unlike kyu, the higher your Dan number is, the stronger you are. Online go servers will evaluate your kyu after you play a few games against other beginners.Jan 31, 2024 · The game, known as SunChang Baduk, ceased to be played around 1937. SunChang, a term central to the old Korean version of Go, known as sun-chang pa-tuk, carries multiple interpretations due to its varied character representations. Go (board game) A game of Go. Geisha playing Go. Go is a board game for two players. It is called Wei-k'i (or Wei-chi) in Chinese, Patok or Baduk in Korean and I-go in Japanese. [1] Go is played on a board with black and white game pieces called stones. Players take turns placing a stone of their color on intersections of a 19x19 square grid.Episode 10 of Captivating the King begins with the baduk game underway between Mong Woo and the Qing envoy. There’s a short flashback to Mong Woo’s arrest earlier in the day. Instead of the State Tribunal, Mong Woo is taken elsewhere. There, Mr Ju and his soldiers receives Mong Woo. Mr Ju tells Mong Woo to head inside and Mong … Photo source. Welcome to the world of Go, an ancient game that’s as simple as it is profound. 🌟 Played by emperors, philosophers and war commanders in the past, Go continues to engage and captivate modern intellectuals today. More than just a game — Go is a masterclass in efficient thinking, sharpening your mind with every play. 🧐. © 2024 Google LLC. A hardcore online course for beginner is coming ^^ Feel free to contact me if you want to step up to 5 to 10 kyu with solid basic skills and effective study ...Our learners can gain confidence through the games and develop higher passion in learning. Studies have demonstrated learning Baduk with facilitate the growth of… 1 Resilience and Concentration Especially when playing a losing game, players have to remain calm and focused in order to win the game back. 2 Logic, space perception and …Baduk Doctor's Hong Kong Baduk center address 1.Shop UG40, the Laguna Mall, 8 Laguna Avenue, Hung Hom, Hong Kong 2.Shop 326 Marina Square East Center, South Horizon Drive, ...Hi teacher AI nice to meet you :)Yeonwoo Baduk school awesomebaduk.comGoproYeonwoo's Patreonhttps://www.patreon.com/goproyeonwooLive stream on twitch:https... Welcome to COSUMI! You can play 5×5 to 19×19 Go (a.k.a. Igo, Baduk, and Weiqi), which is a well-known ancient board game. Move consists of placing one stone of one's own color on an empty intersection on the board. A player may pass their turn at any time. A stone or solidly connected group of stones of one color is captured and removed from ... When ghosts tell me where to move I choose to misplay instead, I don't want to encourage them. Ghost/spirit/soul. Maybe it’s meaning is better translated to a very enlightened move. Book by John Fairbairn on the topic. ISBN# 9781932001600. (no longer sold anywhere) 19 votes, 10 comments.This app allows you to play and analyse go/baduk/weiqi with two very strong AIs: 1) ... The settings menu in the top right corner allows you to switch networks, engines and adjust game settings: The name of the network currently used is displayed in the first field (LeelaZero) resp. second field (KataGo).When ghosts tell me where to move I choose to misplay instead, I don't want to encourage them. Ghost/spirit/soul. Maybe it’s meaning is better translated to a very enlightened move. Book by John Fairbairn on the topic. ISBN# 9781932001600. (no longer sold anywhere) 19 votes, 10 comments.Baduk Game Rules For Beginners. In this video I cover everything you need to play your first game of Baduk. Not just the rules of Baduk but where you can go ...Philippine Go Association. 540 likes · 1 talking about this. The Official Facebook Page of the Philippine Go Association (PhGo) is an amateur organization promoting Go in the Philippines. Sunjang baduk. Sunjang baduk is a different form of Go (baduk) that evolved in Korea, which dates to the 16th century. Its most distinctive feature is the prescribed opening. The starting position dictates the placement of 16 stones (8 black, 8 white) as shown, and the first move is prescribed for Black at the center of the board. Aug 24, 2023 · Traditional Cash Baduk is a board game for two players, played on a square board with 64 squares. The object of the game is to capture all of the opponent’s pieces by moving one’s pieces into their spaces while avoiding being captured. Each player starts the game with 16 pieces: 8 pawns, 4 kings, and 2 rooks. Learn how to play the ancient board game Go - also known as Igo (囲碁), Baduk (바둑), or Weiqi (圍棋) - with a fun, interactive tutorial. Sharpen your Go skills with daily random Go problems (Tsumego) at your choice of difficulty. Play Go against a variety of AI opponents, each with its own unique playing style and strength.Apr 12, 2013 · baduK is a pattern analysis and search engine for the game of Go/Baduk/Weiqi. An ancient boardgame common in Japan, Korea, China and Taiwan. Features multiple databases, game previews and instant pattern matches. Developed using C++ and Qt 4.1.4 Baduk(Go) is an ancient board game which takes simple elements -- Line and Circle, Black and White, Stone and Wood -- combines them with simple rules and generates subtleties which have enthralled players for millennia. Beyond being merely a game, Baduk can take on other meanings to enthusiasts: analogy with life, intenseIf you're playing "inhouse" games just club members then OGS might be your best bet. One of the bigger difference between OGS and connecting to IGS is that the player base at IGS dwarfs OGS. Sometimes it can take a long while to find someone your skill level to play live games. that being said, the corrispondance mode on OGS is really really nice.baduk or pa-tok. Related Topics: game. go, board game for two players. Of East Asian origin, it is popular in China, Korea, and … Go, also known as Baduk and Weiqi, is an abstract board game for two players. It is more of a mind game rather than the physical involvement. It is one of the oldest, if not the oldest board game in the present day. Even though Go is an ancient game, online Go games are also rising in popularity.
go multiplayer game. baduk game, weiqi online, go game for two players where the goal is to surround more territory than the opponent by placing black or white stones on a board of 19x19, 13x13, 9x9 grid. Features: live opponents, game rooms, rankings, extensive stats, user profiles, contact lists, private messaging, game records, support for .... Territoryhelper
Share games with friends by sending a link. "I use AI Sensei on my phone and tablet to analyze my tournament games right after they finished." "AI Sensei helped me finally become German champion!" Play Go against the strong KataGo AI, analyze your uploaded games, discuss moves with our community, and turn mistakes into Go problems.The most exquisite and breathtaking Go (or Weiqi/Baduk) game ever made!As one of the oldest board games in the world, the rules of Go are very simple, but it...This allows for play at home or on the go. When folded, the set measures just 11.3" x 5.65" x 1.24”, making it highly portable for travel or picnic play. While not as luxurious as wood or slate and shell stones, the ColorGo magnetic set provides a budget-friendly introduction to enjoying Go games in-person at under $20.Go, Baduk, Weiqi Lessons. This class is designed to teach the basic rules of the Board game Go. It should help players who are just starting at the rank of 30 kyu to reach 20 kyu. Welcome to the World of Go. Go is one of the world's great strategy board games and originated over 3,000 years ago in China. It is part of popular culture today in Japan, China and Korea, and known as Igo, Weiqi or Baduk respectively in these countries. Go is a game for two players with just a few simple rules that is fun for all ages. Online-Go.com is the best place to play the game of Go online. Our community supported site is friendly, easy to use, and free, so come join us and play some Go! GamesGo, a two-player strategy-based board game, is one of the oldest board games in the modern world. Today, there are around more than 20 million active players. Many …Igo, go, weiqi, atau baduk [1] adalah permainan papan strategis antar dua pemain, berasal dari Tiongkok sekitar 2000 SM sampai 200 SM. Permainan ini sekarang populer di Asia Timur. Pengembangan sistem untuk bermain igo melalui Internet telah meningkatkan popularitasnya di belahan dunia lain. Di Indonesia, nama igo dan go sama-sama …Step 2: Once the emulator is installed, just open it and find Google Playstore Game icon on the home screen of Memuplay. Just double tap on that to open. Step 3: Now search for Seonin Baduk (Go, Wéiqí) Game on Google playstore. Find the official Game from 티비소프트 (TB SOFT) developer and click on the Install button.Online-Go.com is the best place to play the game of Go online. Our community supported site is friendly, easy to use, and free, so come join us and play some Go!Learn how to play the ancient board game Go - also known as Igo (囲碁), Baduk (바둑), or Weiqi (圍棋) - with a fun, interactive tutorial. Sharpen your Go skills with daily random Go problems (Tsumego) at your choice of difficulty. Play Go against a variety of AI opponents, each with its own unique playing style and strength.The Korea Baduk Association, also known as Hanguk Kiwon (Korean: 한국기원), was founded in November 1945 by Cho Namchul.. Baduk is a game which was present in Korea by the 5th century. It originated in China, but the West is more familiar with the Japanese name Go.This is because the Japanese were the first to introduce it to the West.Aug 24, 2023 · Traditional Cash Baduk is a board game for two players, played on a square board with 64 squares. The object of the game is to capture all of the opponent’s pieces by moving one’s pieces into their spaces while avoiding being captured. Each player starts the game with 16 pieces: 8 pawns, 4 kings, and 2 rooks. We propose a game on a looping board, which we believe is an original idea that will add diversity to the gameplay. In addition to this feature, we also offer a cube and a sphere, so we guarantee that this game won't get boring quickly! Currently, it's a preliminary version of the game. We're sending you a link to the game; for now, it's only ...Some Rules in Brief. Some Capturing Skills. Some Questions. How to play Baduk. Although the normal size of a Baduk board is 19 by 19 lines, it is possible to use smaller …The current rules of the Korean Baduk Association are the Korean 2016 Rules.. Korean rules are similar to the Japanese rules.Both use TerritoryScoring, but different methods for judging end positions.. Under Korean rules: Scoring is by surrounded territory plus dead or captured stones, which is called territory scoring.; There are no points in a seki. ...Hi world, it's nice to meet you! My name is Devin Fraze and I consider it my life's mission to support Go Clubs. I myself run a local Go Club in Columbus, Ohio and so I know how hard but rewarding it is. Additionally, I organize on the regional level as well as serve on the board of the American Go Association. I'm also passionate about teaching.I'm BenKyo, a Canadian 5-Dan at Go (Baduk, Weiqi) bringing you a fresh take on Go Teaching!As of June 2021 I am a FULL-TIME Go Teacher and Content Creator!!I...ZBaduk is an online tool which lets you review and analyze your Baduk games using AI. Instead of manually installing and running these go engines on your local machine, ZBaduk offers you an interactive web portal which runs the required software invisibly on more powerful dedicated cloud servers. You don't need expensive hardware, and you don't ....